X-Git-Url: http://shamusworld.gotdns.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=include%2Ftempo-and-meter.html;h=8278eb2ceea60361af481489669352514fc52cea;hb=ca8c53473dfbcb7d4b483a5ce792bbf4b5caffe8;hp=1f461826bcb778a0b0d229a13613fca990ff5ed8;hpb=2098e011e638b5c86c56e68df7757975fc4d728f;p=ardour-manual diff --git a/include/tempo-and-meter.html b/include/tempo-and-meter.html index 1f46182..8278eb2 100644 --- a/include/tempo-and-meter.html +++ b/include/tempo-and-meter.html @@ -1,157 +1,149 @@ -
Tempo and meter belong together. without both, there is no way to know where a beat lies in time.
++ Tempo and meter belong together. Without both, there is no way to know where + a beat lies in time. +
-Tempo provides a musical pulse, which is divided into beats and bars by a meter. - When you change tempo or move an audio-locked meter, all objects on the timeline that are glued to bars and beats (locations, regions) will move in sympathy. +
+ Tempo provides a musical pulse, which is divided into beats and bars by a + meter. When tempo is changed or an audio-locked meter is moved, all objects + on the timeline that are glued to bars and beats (locations, regions) will + move in sympathy.
-When performing meter or tempo operations, it is advised that you show the BBT ruler (available by right-clicking an existing marker or ruler name),
- and ensure that the constraint modifier is set (in Preferences->User Interaction) so that no other modifiers share its key combination.
- The constraint modifier is the "Constrain drags using : " setting under the "When Beginning a Drag" heading. One viable setting is .
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+
+ When performing meter or tempo operations, it is advisable to use the BBT + ruler (available by right-clicking an existing marker or ruler name), and + ensure that the constraint modifier is set (in Preferences->User Interaction) + so that no other modifiers share its key combination. The constraint modifier + is the "Constrain drags using: " setting under the "When Beginning a Drag" + heading. One viable setting is + .
Tempo can be adjusted in several ways: - -
- NOTE - When dragging the BBT ruler, musical snap has no effect, however be warned that non-musical snap is in effect if enabled. - Snapping to a minute while dragging a beat may result in some verly slow tempos. - Snapping a beat to a video frame however is an incredibly useful way to ensure your soundtrack is punchy and synchronised to the sample. -
-A tempo may be locked to audio or musical time. You may change this by right-clicking on a tempo. -If a tempo is locked to music, an entry will be available to lock it to audio. -Similarly an audio-locked tempo may be locked to music by right clicking it an selecting the "Lock to Music" entry. -
-Audio locked tempo marks stay in their frame position as their neigbours positions are altered. Their pulse (musical) position will change as their neighbours move. -Music locked tempo marks move their frame position as their neighbours are moved, but keep their pulse position (they will move as the music is moved). -
-A tempo may be remped or constant. - -
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-
- A series of constant tempo markers. The tempo at the playhead position is the same as the previous tempo.
+ Tempo can be adjusted in several ways:
+ When dragging the BBT ruler, musical snap has no effect, however be warned + that non-musical snap is in effect if enabled. Snapping to a minute while + dragging a beat may result in some verly slow tempos. Snapping a beat to a + video frame however is an incredibly useful way to ensure a soundtrack is + punchy and synchronised to the sample. +
+ +
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-
- A ramped tempo marker. The tempo at the playhead position is approaching the second tempo. Because the playhead is equidistant (in beats) between the
- two markers, the tempo at the playhead is the average of the two.
+ A tempo may be locked to audio or musical time. This can be changed by right-clicking on a tempo. If a tempo is locked to music,
+ an entry will be available to lock it to audio. Similarly an audio-locked
+ tempo may be locked to music by
To add a new tempo, use the primary modifier and click on the tempo line at the desired position. -The new tempo will be the same as the tempo at the position of the mouse click (it will not change the shape of the ramp). -
-To copy a tempo, hold down the primary modifier and drag the tempo you wish to copy.
-Meter positions beats using the musical pulse of a tempo, and groups them into bars using its number of divisions per bar. -
-The first meter in a new session may be moved freely. It has an associated tempo which cannot be dragged by itself (although all others can). -It can be moved freely and is locked to audio. -
-New meters are locked to music. -They may only occur on a bar line if music locked. -
-An audio locked meter provides a way to cope with musical passages which have no meter (rubato, pause), or to allow a film composer to insert -a break in music which cannot be counted in beats. + Audio locked tempo marks stay in their frame position as their neigbour's + positions are altered. Their pulse (musical) position will change as their + neighbours move. Music locked tempo marks move their frame position as their + neighbours are moved, but keep their pulse position (they will move as the + music is moved).
-If a meter is audio-locked, its bar number is fixed from the point at which it left the main score. -That bar number cannot be changed, nor can tempo motion allow the previous bar to overlap. -If you need another bar, lock the meter to music again (right click->"Lock to Music"), drag the meter to the desired bar and re-lock to audio. - You may now drag your new bar freely again. -
-As a general approach, the best way to control tempo ramps is to use them in pairs. -
-Lets imagine we want to match the click to a drum performance recorded in 'free time'.
-The first thing we need to do is determine where the first beat is. Drag the first meter to that position.
-
Now the first click will be in time with the first beat. To get all the other beats to align, we listen to the drums -and visually locate the position of bar 4. You may wish to place the playhead here. -
-We then locate bar 4 in the bbt ruler and while holding the constraint modifier, drag it to bar 4 in the drum performance. -
-We notice that the click now matches the first 4 bars, but after that it wanders off. -You will see this reflected in the tempo lines.. they won't quite match the drum hits. -We now locate the earliest position where the click doesn't match, and place a new tempo just before this. -Two bars later, place another new tempo. -
-Now while dragging any beat after the second new tempo, watch the drum audio and tempo lines until they align. -
-Notice what is happeneing here: the tempo previous to your mouse pointer is being changed so that the beat you grabbed -aligns with the pointer. -Notice that the tempo lines previous to the changed one also move. This is because the previous tempo is ramping to the tempo you are changing. -Look further to the left. The tempo lines in the first four bars do not move. -
-Again, some time later the click will not align. I didn't say this was easy. +
+ A tempo may be constant or ramped:
-Repeat the same technique : add two new tempos and drag the BBT ruler after the newest tempo so that the beats align with the audio again. -
+In a general sense, adding tempo markers in pairs allows you to 'pin' your previous work while you move further to the right. -
-Imagine you have some video and have located where your music cue begins. Move the first meter to that frame -(you may snap to TC frames, but not music with an audio locked meter). -
- Find a starting tempo by listening to the click while you drag the meter's tempo vertically using teh constraint modifier. -
+ To add a new tempo, use the primary modifier and click on the tempo line at + the desired position. The new tempo will be the same as the tempo at the + position of the mouse click (it will not change the shape of the ramp). + -You have the playhead at point where the dude slams the phone down, and your idea was that 4|1|0 -would be good for this, but you want an accelerando to that point. +
+ To copy a tempo, hold down the primary modifier and drag the tempo to be + copied.
+ +- Add a tempo ar bar 4. + Meter positions beats using the musical pulse of a tempo, and groups them + into bars using its number of divisions per bar.
-Holding down the constraint modifier, and with snap set to 'TC Frames', grab the BBT ruler just after 4|1|0. -Drag the ruler so that 4|1|0 snaps to the 'phone' frame. + +
+ The first meter in a new session may be moved freely. It has an associated + tempo which cannot be dragged by itself (although all others can). It can be + moved freely and is locked to audio.
-Notice what happened : The second tempo was changed.
-You had set a musical position for the second tempo marker. It was not aligned with the frame you wanted, so
-you dragged the BBT ruler, making the second tempo provide enough pulses over the ramp for 4|1|0 to align with the desired frame.
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+
+ New meters are locked to music. They may only occur on a bar line if music + locked.
-If your ramp doesn't feel correct, you may add more points within it and keep adjusting beat positions in a similar manner. + +
+ An audio locked meter provides a way to cope with musical passages which have + no meter (rubato, pause), or to allow a film composer to insert a break in + music which cannot be counted in beats.
-Audio locked meters can be useful when composing, as they allow a continuous piece of music to be worked on in -isolated segments, preventing the listening fatigue of a fixed form. -Reassembly is left as an excercise for the reader. +
+ If a meter is audio-locked, its bar number is fixed from the point at which + it left the main score. That bar number cannot be changed, nor can tempo + motion allow the previous bar to overlap. If another bar is needed, lock the + meter to music again (right click->"Lock to Music"), drag the meter to the + desired bar and re-lock to audio. The new bar can be freely dragged again.
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