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 title: Panning
 ---                        
 
+<p>
+  <dfn>Panning</<dfn> is the process of distributing one or more signals
+  across a series of outputs so that the listener will have the
+  experience of them coming from a particular point or area of the
+  overall listening field.
+</p>
+<p>
+  It is used to create a sense of space and/or a sense of motion in an
+  audio mix. You can spread out different signals across the space, and
+  make them move over time.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Types of Panners</h2>
+<p>
+  The way a panner works depends a great deal on how many signals it
+  is going to process and how many outputs it will send them to. The
+  simplest case is distributing a single signal to 2 outputs, which is
+  the common case when using a "mono" track and a stereo speaker
+  setup.
+</p>
+<p>
+  But panning in Ardour could theoretically involve distributing any
+  number of signals to any number of ouputs. In reality, Ardour does
+  not have specific panners for each different situation. Currently,
+  it has dedicated panners for the following situations:
+</p>
+  <ul>
+    <li>1 signal distributed to 2 outputs (the mono panner)</li>
+    <li>2 signals distributed to 2 outputs (the stereo panner)</li>
+    <li>N signals distributed to M outputs (the VBAP panner)</li>
+  </ul>
+<p>  
+  Even for each of these cases, there are many different ways to
+  implement panning. Ardour currently offers just one solution to each
+  of these situations, but in the future will offer more.
+</p>
+<p>
+  In addition to the panners, Ardour has a balance control for subtle
+  corrections to existing stereo images.
+</p>
+
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