---
<p>
- Ubuntu Linux is the most popular variety of Linux in use on desktop
+ <dfn>Ubuntu Linux</dfn> is the most popular variety of Linux in use on desktop
and laptop systems. It has the backing of a for-profit corporation
(Canonical Inc.), a defined philosophy and a huge and
worldwide user base. As a result, it is a common platform for people
</p>
<h2>High Level Recommendations for Ubuntu Users</h2>
-
<p>
Currently, installing pro audio applications on vanilla Ubuntu requires
some configuration, in order for the user to gain realtime privilege
on Ubuntu, and like Ubuntu Studio, has these settings preconfigured, while
also containing customized versions of Ubuntu packages, which often are
more up to date.
-<p>
+</p>
<h2>Installing Ardour</h2>
+<p>
There may be unintended differences, and even bugs in Ubuntu native
packages, as a result of a different building method. For this reason,
Ardour developers highly recommend you to install the official
href="http://ardour.org/download">ardour.org</a>, as Ubuntu native
packages are not supported in official Ardour forums or other
support channels.
+</p>
<h2>Problems with the interaction between PulseAudio and JACK</h2>
-<dl>
-<dt>Background Info</dt>
-<dd>
+<h3>Background Info</h3>
<p>
- Like many distributions, Ubuntu has decide to use PulseAudio as the
+ Like many distributions, Ubuntu has decided to use <dfn>PulseAudio</dfn> as the
default audio system. PulseAudio is a rich and capable system that
provides excellent services for typical users of Linux on the
desktop. However, it is not capable of the type of performance that
tools like Ardour require and in particular does not offer the
- possibility of sending audio between applications that can makes the
+ possibility of sending audio between applications that can make the
Linux audio environment a very interesting one.
</p>
<p>
- This would not a problem if it were not for the fact that JACK will
- not run correctly (if at all) if it needs to use the same
+ This would not be a problem if it were not for the fact that JACK
+ will not run correctly (if at all) if it needs to use the same
soundcard/audio interface that PulseAudio is using. And since on
Ubuntu, PulseAudio is configured by default to always use the
(typically single) audio interface on your computer, this is a bit
another message, and PulseAudio can once again use the soundcard
directly.
</p>
-</dd>
-<dt>What is the problem?</dt>
-<dd>
+<h3>What is the problem?</h3>
<p>
The specific issues known at this time for all flavors of Ubuntu
12.04 and 12.10 are:
+</p>
<ul>
<li>a bug in PulseAudio that causes it not to give up the
- soundcard when JACK asks (<a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1163638">LP: #1163638</a>
- (fixed in Ubuntu 13.04).</li>
+ soundcard when JACK asks
+ (<a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1163638">LP:
+ #1163638</a>,
+ fixed in Ubuntu 13.04).</li>
</ul>
-</p>
-</dd>
-<dt>Symptoms</dt>
-<dd>
+
+<h3>Symptoms</h3>
<p>
- <ul>
- <li>Cannot start JACK (though see the next section for other
- causes of this)</li>
- </ul>
+ <samp>Cannot start JACK</samp> (though see the next section for other
+ causes of this)
</p>
-</dd>
-<dt>How to fix</dt>
+
+<h3>How to fix</h3>
<p>
- These bugs do not affect the upcoming 13.04 release, and earlier
- releases (12.04 and 12.10) are in the process of being fixed.
+ These bugs do not affect releases from 13.04, and earlier releases
+ (12.04 and 12.10) are in the process of being fixed.
</p>
-<dd>
-</dd>
-</dl>
<h2>Problems with JACK configuration</h2>
-<dl>
- <dt>What is the problem?</dt>
- <dd>
+<h3>What is the problem?</h3>
<p>
To function as intended, JACK needs to run with access to two
- operating system facilities called "realtime scheduling" and "memory
- locking". This means that you, the user who starts JACK, must be
+ operating system facilities called <dfn>realtime scheduling</dfn> and
+ <dfn>memory locking</dfn>. This means that you, the user who starts JACK, must be
allowed access to these facilities. By default, Ubuntu does create a
- user group that has this permission but ... it does not put new
+ user group that has this permission but — it does not put new
users into this group by default. Read more about why <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/TheAudioGroup">here</a>.
Consequently, you will not have permission to run JACK in the way you should.
</p>
- </dd>
- <dt>Symptoms</dt>
- <dd>
+<h3>Symptoms</h3>
<p>
- A message like "Cannot lock down memory" in the output from JACK as
- it starts up. This output may be "hidden" in the Messages window of
+ A message like <samp>Cannot lock down memory</samp> in the output from JACK as
+ it starts up. This output may be hidden in the Messages window of
QJackctrl (aka JACK Control), so you should check there.
</p>
- </dd>
- <dt>How to fix</dt>
- <dd>
+
+<h3>How to fix</h3>
<p>
Make sure the file /etc/security/limits.d/audio.conf exists. If it is
named /etc/security/limits.d/audio.conf.disabled, rename it to the former.
- Run the command <code>sudo usermod -a -G
- audio <em>YOUR-LOGIN-NAME</em></code>. Then logout and login again.
- On Ubuntu Studio the user is a member of audio group by default, but not
- on other official flavors.
+ Run the command
+ </p>
+ <kbd class="cmd lin">sudo usermod -a -G audio
+ <em>YOUR-LOGIN-NAME</em></kbd>
+ <p>
+ Then log out and log in again. On Ubuntu Studio the user is a member of audio
+ group by default, but not on other official flavors.
</p>
- </dd>
-</dl>
- <h2>Reporting Issues</h2>
-<p>Given the difficulties in supporting Ubuntu and the limited time/resources of the Ardour team, the <code>Ubuntu Studio Project</code> has requested that issues and bug reports related to Ubuntu, Ubuntu Studio and other derivitives be directed to them.<p>
-<h4>Contact Information for Ubuntu Studio</h4>
-<p><a href="http://ubuntustudio.org" target="_blank">The Ubuntu Studio Homepage</a></p>
-<p><a href="http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=335" target="_blank">The Ubuntu Studio Forums.</a></p>
-<p><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudio/MailLists" target="_blank">Information on the Ubuntu Studio Mailing Lists.</a></p>
-<p><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudio/IRC" target-"_blank">Information on the Ubuntu Studio IRC channel.</a> #ubuntustudio on irc.freenode.net</p>
+
+<h2>Reporting Issues</h2>
+<p>
+ Given the difficulties in supporting Ubuntu and the limited time/resources
+ of the Ardour team, the <dfn>Ubuntu Studio Project</dfn> has requested that
+ issues and bug reports related to Ubuntu, Ubuntu Studio and other
+ derivitives be directed to them.
+</p>
+<h3>Contact Information for Ubuntu Studio</h3>
+<p><a href="http://ubuntustudio.org">The Ubuntu Studio Homepage</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=335">The Ubuntu Studio Forums.</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudio/MailLists">Information on the Ubuntu Studio Mailing Lists.</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudio/IRC">Information on the Ubuntu Studio IRC channel.</a> #ubuntustudio on irc.freenode.net</p>
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