Shamusworld >> Repos - apple2/blob - src/apple2.cpp

   1 //
   2 // Apple 2 SDL Portable Apple Emulator
   3 //
   4 // by James Hammons
   5 // © 2014 Underground Software
   6 //
   7 // Loosely based on AppleWin by Tom Charlesworth which was based on AppleWin by
   8 // Oliver Schmidt which was based on AppleWin by Michael O'Brien. :-) Parts are
   9 // also derived from ApplePC. Too bad it was closed source--it could have been
  10 // *the* premier Apple II emulator out there.
  11 //
  12 // JLH = James Hammons <jlhamm@acm.org>
  13 //
  14 // WHO  WHEN        WHAT
  15 // ---  ----------  ------------------------------------------------------------
  16 // JLH  11/12/2005  Initial port to SDL
  17 // JLH  11/18/2005  Wired up graphic soft switches
  18 // JLH  12/02/2005  Setup timer subsystem for more accurate time keeping
  19 // JLH  12/12/2005  Added preliminary state saving support
  20 // JLH  09/24/2013  Added //e support
  21 //
  22
  23 // STILL TO DO:
  24 //
  25 // - Port to SDL [DONE]
  26 // - GUI goodies
  27 // - Weed out unneeded functions [DONE]
  28 // - Disk I/O [DONE]
  29 // - 128K IIe related stuff [DONE]
  30 // - State loading/saving
  31 //
  32
  33 #include "apple2.h"
  34
  35 #include <SDL2/SDL.h>
  36 #include <fstream>
  37 #include <string>
  38 #include <iomanip>
  39 #include <iostream>
  40 #include <stdio.h>
  41 #include <stdlib.h>
  42 #include <time.h>
  43 #include "log.h"
  44 #include "video.h"
  45 #include "sound.h"
  46 #include "settings.h"
  47 #include "v65c02.h"
  48 #include "applevideo.h"
  49 #include "timing.h"
  50 #include "floppy.h"
  51 #include "firmware.h"
  52 #include "mmu.h"
  53
  54 #include "gui/gui.h"
  55
  56 // Debug and misc. defines
  57
  58 #define THREADED_65C02
  59 #define CPU_THREAD_OVERFLOW_COMPENSATION
  60 #define DEBUG_LC
  61 //#define CPU_CLOCK_CHECKING
  62 //#define THREAD_DEBUGGING
  63 #define SOFT_SWITCH_DEBUGGING
  64
  65 // Global variables
  66
  67 uint8_t ram[0x10000], rom[0x10000];                     // RAM & ROM spaces
  68 uint8_t ram2[0x10000];                                          // Auxillary RAM
  69 //uint8_t diskRom[0x100];                                               // Disk ROM space
  70 V65C02REGS mainCPU;                                                     // v65C02 execution context
  71 uint8_t appleType = APPLE_TYPE_IIE;
  72 FloppyDrive floppyDrive;
  73 //bool powerOnState = true;                                     // Virtual power switch
  74 bool powerStateChangeRequested = false;
  75
  76 // Local variables
  77
  78 uint8_t lastKeyPressed = 0;
  79 bool keyDown = false;
  80 bool openAppleDown = false;
  81 bool closedAppleDown = false;
  82 bool store80Mode = false;
  83 bool vbl = false;
  84 bool slotCXROM = false;
  85 bool slotC3ROM = false;
  86 bool ramrd = false;
  87 bool ramwrt = false;
  88 bool altzp = false;
  89 bool ioudis = true;
  90 bool dhires = false;
  91 // Language card state (ROM read, no write)
  92 uint8_t lcState = 0x02;
  93
  94 static bool running = true;                                     // Machine running state flag...
  95 static uint32_t startTicks;
  96 static bool pauseMode = false;
  97 static bool fullscreenDebounce = false;
  98 static bool capsLock = false;
  99 static bool capsLockDebounce = false;
 100
 101 // Local functions (technically, they're global...)
 102
 103 bool LoadImg(char * filename, uint8_t * ram, int size);
 104 static void SaveApple2State(const char * filename);
 105 static bool LoadApple2State(const char * filename);
 106 static void ResetApple2State(void);
 107
 108 // Local timer callback functions
 109
 110 static void FrameCallback(void);
 111 static void BlinkTimer(void);
 112
 113 #ifdef THREADED_65C02
 114 // Test of threaded execution of 6502
 115 static SDL_Thread * cpuThread = NULL;
 116 //static SDL_mutex * cpuMutex = NULL;
 117 static SDL_cond * cpuCond = NULL;
 118 static SDL_sem * mainSem = NULL;
 119 static bool cpuFinished = false;
 120 static bool cpuSleep = false;
 121
 122 // NB: Apple //e Manual sez 6502 is running @ 1,022,727 Hz
 123
 124 // Let's try a thread...
 125 /*
 126 Here's how it works: Execute 1 frame's worth, then sleep.
 127 Other stuff wakes it up
 128 */
 129 int CPUThreadFunc(void * data)
 130 {
 131         // Mutex must be locked for conditional to work...
 132         // Also, must be created in the thread that uses it...
 133         SDL_mutex * cpuMutex = SDL_CreateMutex();
 134
 135 // decrement mainSem...
 136 //SDL_SemWait(mainSem);
 137 #ifdef CPU_THREAD_OVERFLOW_COMPENSATION
 138         float overflow = 0.0;
 139 #endif
 140
 141         do
 142         {
 143                 if (cpuSleep)
 144                         SDL_CondWait(cpuCond, cpuMutex);
 145
 146 // decrement mainSem...
 147 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 148 WriteLog("CPU: SDL_SemWait(mainSem);\n");
 149 #endif
 150 SDL_SemWait(mainSem);
 151
 152 // There are exactly 800 slices of 21.333 cycles per frame, so it works out
 153 // evenly.
 154 #if 0
 155                 uint32_t cycles = 17066;
 156 #ifdef CPU_THREAD_OVERFLOW_COMPENSATION
 157 // ODD! It's closer *without* this overflow compensation. ??? WHY ???
 158                 overflow += 0.666666667;
 159
 160                 if (overflow > 1.0)
 161                 {
 162                         overflow -= 1.0;
 163                         cycles++;
 164                 }
 165 #endif
 166
 167 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 168 WriteLog("CPU: Execute65C02(&mainCPU, cycles);\n");
 169 #endif
 170                 Execute65C02(&mainCPU, cycles); // how much? 1 frame (after 1 s, off by 40 cycles) not any more--it's off by as much as 240 now!
 171
 172                 // Adjust the sound routine's last cycle toggled time base
 173                 // Also, since we're finished executing, .clock is now valid
 174 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 175 WriteLog("CPU: AdjustLastToggleCycles(mainCPU.clock);\n");
 176 #endif
 177                 AdjustLastToggleCycles(mainCPU.clock);
 178 #else
 179 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 180 WriteLog("CPU: Execute65C02(&mainCPU, cycles);\n");
 181 #endif
 182                 for(int i=0; i<800; i++)
 183                 {
 184                         uint32_t cycles = 21;
 185                         overflow += 0.333333334;
 186
 187                         if (overflow > 1.0)
 188                         {
 189                                 cycles++;
 190                                 overflow -= 1.0;
 191                         }
 192
 193                         Execute65C02(&mainCPU, cycles);
 194                         WriteSampleToBuffer();
 195
 196                         // Dunno if this is correct (seems to be close enough)...
 197                         vbl = (i < 670 ? true : false);
 198                 }
 199 #endif
 200
 201 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 202 WriteLog("CPU: SDL_mutexP(cpuMutex);\n");
 203 #endif
 204                 SDL_mutexP(cpuMutex);
 205 // increment mainSem...
 206 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 207 WriteLog("CPU: SDL_SemPost(mainSem);\n");
 208 #endif
 209                 SDL_SemPost(mainSem);
 210 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 211 WriteLog("CPU: SDL_CondWait(cpuCond, cpuMutex);\n");
 212 #endif
 213                 SDL_CondWait(cpuCond, cpuMutex);
 214
 215 #ifdef THREAD_DEBUGGING
 216 WriteLog("CPU: SDL_mutexV(cpuMutex);\n");
 217 #endif
 218                 SDL_mutexV(cpuMutex);
 219         }
 220         while (!cpuFinished);
 221
 222         SDL_DestroyMutex(cpuMutex);
 223
 224         return 0;
 225 }
 226 #endif
 227
 228
 229 #if 1
 230 //
 231 // Request a change in the power state of the emulated Apple
 232 //
 233 void SetPowerState(void)
 234 {
 235 //      powerOnState = state;
 236 //      pauseMode = !state;
 237
 238 //      if (!pauseMode)
 239 //      {
 240 //printf("Turning on...\n");
 241                 // Transitioning from OFF to ON
 242 //              mainCPU.cpuFlags |= V65C02_ASSERT_LINE_RESET;
 243 //              SoundResume();
 244 //      }
 245 //      else
 246 //      {
 247 //printf("Turning off...\n");
 248                 // Turn it off...
 249 //              SoundPause();
 250 //      }
 251         powerStateChangeRequested = true;
 252 }
 253 #endif
 254
 255
 256 //
 257 // Load a file into RAM/ROM image space
 258 //
 259 bool LoadImg(char * filename, uint8_t * ram, int size)
 260 {
 261         FILE * fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
 262
 263         if (fp == NULL)
 264                 return false;
 265
 266         fread(ram, 1, size, fp);
 267         fclose(fp);
 268
 269         return true;
 270 }
 271
 272
 273 static void SaveApple2State(const char * filename)
 274 {
 275 }
 276
 277
 278 static bool LoadApple2State(const char * filename)
 279 {
 280         return false;
 281 }
 282
 283
 284 static void ResetApple2State(void)
 285 {
 286         mainCPU.cpuFlags |= V65C02_ASSERT_LINE_RESET;
 287         keyDown = false;
 288         openAppleDown = false;
 289         closedAppleDown = false;
 290         store80Mode = false;
 291         vbl = false;
 292         slotCXROM = false;
 293         slotC3ROM = false;
 294         ramrd = false;
 295         ramwrt = false;
 296         altzp = false;
 297         ioudis = true;
 298         dhires = false;
 299         lcState = 0x02;
 300         SwitchLC();                     // Make sure MMU is in sane state
 301         memset(ram, 0, 0x10000);
 302         memset(ram2, 0, 0x10000);
 303 }
 304
 305
 306 #ifdef CPU_CLOCK_CHECKING
 307 uint8_t counter = 0;
 308 uint32_t totalCPU = 0;
 309 uint64_t lastClock = 0;
 310 #endif
 311 //
 312 // Main loop
 313 //
 314 int main(int /*argc*/, char * /*argv*/[])
 315 {
 316         InitLog("./apple2.log");
 317         LoadSettings();
 318         srand(time(NULL));                                                                      // Initialize RNG
 319
 320         // Zero out memory
 321         memset(ram, 0, 0x10000);
 322         memset(rom, 0, 0x10000);
 323         memset(ram2, 0, 0x10000);
 324
 325         // Set up MMU
 326         SetupAddressMap();
 327
 328         // Set up V65C02 execution context
 329         memset(&mainCPU, 0, sizeof(V65C02REGS));
 330         mainCPU.RdMem = AppleReadMem;
 331         mainCPU.WrMem = AppleWriteMem;
 332         mainCPU.cpuFlags |= V65C02_ASSERT_LINE_RESET;
 333
 334 //      alternateCharset = true;
 335 //      if (!LoadImg(settings.BIOSPath, rom + 0xD000, 0x3000))
 336         if (!LoadImg(settings.BIOSPath, rom + 0xC000, 0x4000))
 337         {
 338                 WriteLog("Could not open file '%s'!\n", settings.BIOSPath);
 339                 return -1;
 340         }
 341
 342 //Load up disk image from config file (for now)...
 343         floppyDrive.LoadImage(settings.diskImagePath1, 0);
 344         floppyDrive.LoadImage(settings.diskImagePath2, 1);
 345 //      floppyDrive.LoadImage("./disks/temp.nib", 1);   // Load temp .nib file into second drive...
 346
 347         WriteLog("About to initialize video...\n");
 348
 349         if (!InitVideo())
 350         {
 351                 std::cout << "Aborting!" << std::endl;
 352                 return -1;
 353         }
 354
 355         GUI::Init(sdlRenderer);
 356
 357         // Have to do this *after* video init but *before* sound init...!
 358 //Shouldn't be necessary since we're not doing emulation in the ISR...
 359         if (settings.autoStateSaving)
 360         {
 361                 // Load last state from file...
 362                 if (!LoadApple2State(settings.autoStatePath))
 363                         WriteLog("Unable to use Apple2 state file \"%s\"!\n", settings.autoStatePath);
 364         }
 365
 366         WriteLog("About to initialize audio...\n");
 367         SoundInit();
 368         SetupBlurTable();                                                       // Set up the color TV emulation blur table
 369         running = true;                                                         // Set running status...
 370         InitializeEventList();                                          // Clear the event list before we use it...
 371         SetCallbackTime(FrameCallback, 16666.66666667); // Set frame to fire at 1/60 s interval
 372         SetCallbackTime(BlinkTimer, 250000);            // Set up blinking at 1/4 s intervals
 373         startTicks = SDL_GetTicks();
 374
 375 #ifdef THREADED_65C02
 376         cpuCond = SDL_CreateCond();
 377         mainSem = SDL_CreateSemaphore(1);
 378         cpuThread = SDL_CreateThread(CPUThreadFunc, NULL, NULL);
 379 //Hmm... CPU does POST (+1), wait, then WAIT (-1)
 380 //      SDL_sem * mainMutex = SDL_CreateMutex();
 381 #endif
 382
 383         WriteLog("Entering main loop...\n");
 384
 385         while (running)
 386         {
 387                 double timeToNextEvent = GetTimeToNextEvent();
 388 #ifndef THREADED_65C02
 389                 Execute65C02(&mainCPU, USEC_TO_M6502_CYCLES(timeToNextEvent));
 390 #endif
 391
 392 #ifdef CPU_CLOCK_CHECKING
 393 #ifndef THREADED_65C02
 394 totalCPU += USEC_TO_M6502_CYCLES(timeToNextEvent);
 395 #endif
 396 #endif
 397                 HandleNextEvent();
 398         }
 399
 400 #ifdef THREADED_65C02
 401 WriteLog("Main: cpuFinished = true;\n");
 402 cpuFinished = true;
 403 //#warning "If sound thread is behind, CPU thread will never wake up... !!! FIX !!!" [DONE]
 404 //What to do? How do you know when the CPU is sleeping???
 405 //USE A CONDITIONAL!!! OF COURSE!!!!!!11!11!11!!!1!
 406 //Nope, use a semaphore...
 407 WriteLog("Main: SDL_SemWait(mainSem);\n");
 408 SDL_SemWait(mainSem);//should lock until CPU thread is waiting...
 409 #endif
 410
 411 WriteLog("Main: SDL_CondSignal(cpuCond);//thread is probably asleep, wake it up\n");
 412 SDL_CondSignal(cpuCond);//thread is probably asleep, wake it up
 413 WriteLog("Main: SDL_WaitThread(cpuThread, NULL);\n");
 414 SDL_WaitThread(cpuThread, NULL);
 415 //nowok:SDL_WaitThread(CPUThreadFunc, NULL);
 416 WriteLog("Main: SDL_DestroyCond(cpuCond);\n");
 417 SDL_DestroyCond(cpuCond);
 418
 419 SDL_DestroySemaphore(mainSem);
 420
 421         if (settings.autoStateSaving)
 422         {
 423                 // Save state here...
 424                 SaveApple2State(settings.autoStatePath);
 425         }
 426 floppyDrive.SaveImage(0);
 427 floppyDrive.SaveImage(1);
 428
 429         SoundDone();
 430         VideoDone();
 431         SaveSettings();
 432         LogDone();
 433
 434         return 0;
 435 }
 436
 437
 438 /*
 439 Apple II keycodes
 440 -----------------
 441
 442 Key     Aln CTL SHF BTH
 443 -----------------------
 444 space   $A0     $A0     $A0 $A0         No xlation
 445 RETURN  $8D     $8D     $8D     $8D             No xlation
 446 0               $B0     $B0     $B0     $B0             Need to screen shift+0 (?)
 447 1!              $B1 $B1 $A1 $A1         No xlation
 448 2"              $B2     $B2     $A2     $A2             No xlation
 449 3#              $B3     $B3     $A3     $A3             No xlation
 450 4$              $B4     $B4     $A4     $A4             No xlation
 451 5%              $B5     $B5     $A5     $A5             No xlation
 452 6&              $B6     $B6     $A6     $A6             No xlation
 453 7'              $B7     $B7     $A7     $A7             No xlation
 454 8(              $B8     $B8     $A8     $A8             No xlation
 455 9)              $B9     $B9     $A9     $A9             No xlation
 456 :*              $BA     $BA     $AA     $AA             No xlation
 457 ;+              $BB     $BB     $AB     $AB             No xlation
 458 ,<              $AC     $AC     $BC     $BC             No xlation
 459 -=              $AD     $AD     $BD     $BD             No xlation
 460 .>              $AE     $AE     $BE     $BE             No xlation
 461 /?              $AF     $AF     $BF     $BF             No xlation
 462 A               $C1     $81     $C1     $81
 463 B               $C2     $82     $C2     $82
 464 C               $C3     $83     $C3     $83
 465 D               $C4     $84     $C4     $84
 466 E               $C5     $85     $C5     $85
 467 F               $C6     $86     $C6     $86
 468 G               $C7     $87     $C7     $87
 469 H               $C8     $88     $C8     $88
 470 I               $C9     $89     $C9     $89
 471 J               $CA     $8A     $CA     $8A
 472 K               $CB     $8B     $CB     $8B
 473 L               $CC     $8C     $CC     $8C
 474 M               $CD     $8D     $DD     $9D             -> ODD
 475 N^              $CE     $8E     $DE     $9E             -> ODD
 476 O               $CF     $8F     $CF     $8F
 477 P@              $D0     $90     $C0     $80             Need to xlate CTL+SHFT+P & SHFT+P (?)
 478 Q               $D1     $91     $D1     $91
 479 R               $D2     $92     $D2     $92
 480 S               $D3     $93     $D3     $93
 481 T               $D4     $94     $D4     $94
 482 U               $D5     $95     $D5     $95
 483 V               $D6     $96     $D6     $96
 484 W               $D7     $97     $D7     $97
 485 X               $D8     $98     $D8     $98
 486 Y               $D9     $99     $D9     $99
 487 Z               $DA     $9A     $DA     $9A
 488 <-              $88     $88     $88     $88
 489 ->              $95     $95     $95     $95
 490 ESC             $9B     $9B     $9B     $9B             No xlation
 491
 492 */
 493 //static uint64_t lastCPUCycles = 0;
 494 static uint32_t frameCount = 0;
 495 static void FrameCallback(void)
 496 {
 497         SDL_Event event;
 498
 499         while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
 500         {
 501                 switch (event.type)
 502                 {
 503 // Problem with using SDL_TEXTINPUT is that it causes key delay. :-/
 504 #if 0
 505                 case SDL_TEXTINPUT:
 506 //Need to do some key translation here, and screen out non-apple keys as well...
 507 //(really, could do it all in SDL_KEYDOWN, would just have to get symbols &
 508 // everything else done separately. this is slightly easier. :-P)
 509 //                      if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_TAB)   // Prelim key screening...
 510                         if (event.edit.text[0] == '\t') // Prelim key screening...
 511                                 break;
 512
 513                         lastKeyPressed = event.edit.text[0];
 514                         keyDown = true;
 515
 516                         //kludge: should have a caps lock thingy here...
 517                         //or all uppercase for ][+...
 518 //                      if (lastKeyPressed >= 'a' && lastKeyPressed <='z')
 519 //                              lastKeyPressed &= 0xDF;         // Convert to upper case...
 520
 521                         break;
 522 #endif
 523                 case SDL_KEYDOWN:
 524                         // Use ALT+Q to exit, as well as the usual window decoration method
 525                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_q && (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_ALT))
 526                                 running = false;
 527
 528                         // CTRL+RESET key emulation (mapped to CTRL+`)
 529 // This doesn't work...
 530 //                      if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BREAK && (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL))
 531 //                      if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAUSE && (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL))
 532                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKQUOTE && (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL))
 533                         {
 534 //NOTE that this shouldn't take place until the key is lifted... !!! FIX !!!
 535 //ALSO it seems to leave the machine in an inconsistent state vis-a-vis the language card...
 536                                 mainCPU.cpuFlags |= V65C02_ASSERT_LINE_RESET;
 537                                 break;
 538                         }
 539
 540                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT)
 541                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x15, keyDown = true;
 542                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT)
 543                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x08, keyDown = true;
 544                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP)
 545                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x0B, keyDown = true;
 546                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN)
 547                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x0A, keyDown = true;
 548                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN)
 549                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x0D, keyDown = true;
 550                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_ESCAPE)
 551                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x1B, keyDown = true;
 552                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKSPACE)
 553                                 lastKeyPressed = 0x7F, keyDown = true;
 554
 555                         // Fix CTRL+key combo...
 556                         if (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL)
 557                         {
 558                                 if (event.key.keysym.sym >= SDLK_a && event.key.keysym.sym <= SDLK_z)
 559                                 {
 560                                         lastKeyPressed = (event.key.keysym.sym - SDLK_a) + 1;
 561                                         keyDown = true;
 562 //printf("Key combo pressed: CTRL+%c\n", lastKeyPressed + 0x40);
 563                                         break;
 564                                 }
 565                         }
 566
 567 #if 1
 568                         // Fix SHIFT+key combo...
 569                         if (event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT)
 570                         {
 571                                 if (event.key.keysym.sym >= SDLK_a && event.key.keysym.sym <= SDLK_z)
 572                                 {
 573                                         lastKeyPressed = (event.key.keysym.sym - SDLK_a) + 0x41;
 574                                         keyDown = true;
 575 //printf("Key combo pressed: CTRL+%c\n", lastKeyPressed + 0x40);
 576                                         break;
 577                                 }
 578                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_1)
 579                                 {
 580                                         lastKeyPressed = '!';
 581                                         keyDown = true;
 582                                         break;
 583                                 }
 584                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_2)
 585                                 {
 586                                         lastKeyPressed = '@';
 587                                         keyDown = true;
 588                                         break;
 589                                 }
 590                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_3)
 591                                 {
 592                                         lastKeyPressed = '#';
 593                                         keyDown = true;
 594                                         break;
 595                                 }
 596                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_3)
 597                                 {
 598                                         lastKeyPressed = '#';
 599                                         keyDown = true;
 600                                         break;
 601                                 }
 602                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_4)
 603                                 {
 604                                         lastKeyPressed = '$';
 605                                         keyDown = true;
 606                                         break;
 607                                 }
 608                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_5)
 609                                 {
 610                                         lastKeyPressed = '%';
 611                                         keyDown = true;
 612                                         break;
 613                                 }
 614                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_6)
 615                                 {
 616                                         lastKeyPressed = '^';
 617                                         keyDown = true;
 618                                         break;
 619                                 }
 620                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_7)
 621                                 {
 622                                         lastKeyPressed = '&';
 623                                         keyDown = true;
 624                                         break;
 625                                 }
 626                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_8)
 627                                 {
 628                                         lastKeyPressed = '*';
 629                                         keyDown = true;
 630                                         break;
 631                                 }
 632                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_9)
 633                                 {
 634                                         lastKeyPressed = '(';
 635                                         keyDown = true;
 636                                         break;
 637                                 }
 638                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_0)
 639                                 {
 640                                         lastKeyPressed = ')';
 641                                         keyDown = true;
 642                                         break;
 643                                 }
 644                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_MINUS)
 645                                 {
 646                                         lastKeyPressed = '_';
 647                                         keyDown = true;
 648                                         break;
 649                                 }
 650                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_EQUALS)
 651                                 {
 652                                         lastKeyPressed = '+';
 653                                         keyDown = true;
 654                                         break;
 655                                 }
 656                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFTBRACKET)
 657                                 {
 658                                         lastKeyPressed = '{';
 659                                         keyDown = true;
 660                                         break;
 661                                 }
 662                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHTBRACKET)
 663                                 {
 664                                         lastKeyPressed = '}';
 665                                         keyDown = true;
 666                                         break;
 667                                 }
 668                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKSLASH)
 669                                 {
 670                                         lastKeyPressed = '|';
 671                                         keyDown = true;
 672                                         break;
 673                                 }
 674                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_SEMICOLON)
 675                                 {
 676                                         lastKeyPressed = ':';
 677                                         keyDown = true;
 678                                         break;
 679                                 }
 680                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_QUOTE)
 681                                 {
 682                                         lastKeyPressed = '"';
 683                                         keyDown = true;
 684                                         break;
 685                                 }
 686                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_COMMA)
 687                                 {
 688                                         lastKeyPressed = '<';
 689                                         keyDown = true;
 690                                         break;
 691                                 }
 692                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PERIOD)
 693                                 {
 694                                         lastKeyPressed = '>';
 695                                         keyDown = true;
 696                                         break;
 697                                 }
 698                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_SLASH)
 699                                 {
 700                                         lastKeyPressed = '?';
 701                                         keyDown = true;
 702                                         break;
 703                                 }
 704                                 else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKQUOTE)
 705                                 {
 706                                         lastKeyPressed = '~';
 707                                         keyDown = true;
 708                                         break;
 709                                 }
 710                         }
 711 #endif
 712
 713                         // General keys...
 714                         if (event.key.keysym.sym >= SDLK_SPACE && event.key.keysym.sym <= SDLK_z)
 715                         {
 716                                 lastKeyPressed = event.key.keysym.sym;
 717                                 keyDown = true;
 718
 719                                 // Check for Caps Lock key...
 720                                 if (event.key.keysym.sym >= SDLK_a && event.key.keysym.sym <= SDLK_z && capsLock)
 721                                         lastKeyPressed -= 0x20;
 722
 723                                 break;
 724                         }
 725
 726                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAUSE)
 727                         {
 728                                 pauseMode = !pauseMode;
 729
 730                                 if (pauseMode)
 731                                 {
 732                                         SoundPause();
 733                                         SpawnMessage("*** PAUSED ***");
 734                                 }
 735                                 else
 736                                 {
 737                                         SoundResume();
 738                                         SpawnMessage("*** RESUME ***");
 739                                 }
 740                         }
 741
 742                         // Paddle buttons 0 & 1
 743                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_INSERT)
 744                                 openAppleDown = true;
 745                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEUP)
 746                                 closedAppleDown = true;
 747
 748                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F11)
 749                                 dumpDis = !dumpDis;                             // Toggle the disassembly process
 750
 751 /*else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F9)
 752 {
 753         floppyDrive.CreateBlankImage(0);
 754 //      SpawnMessage("Image cleared...");
 755 }//*/
 756 /*else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F10)
 757 {
 758         floppyDrive.SwapImages();
 759 //      SpawnMessage("Image swapped...");
 760 }//*/
 761
 762                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F2)// Toggle the palette
 763                                 TogglePalette();
 764                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F3)// Cycle through screen types
 765                                 CycleScreenTypes();
 766                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F5)
 767                         {
 768                                 VolumeDown();
 769                                 char volStr[19] = "[****************]";
 770 //                              volStr[GetVolume()] = 0;
 771                                 for(int i=GetVolume(); i<16; i++)
 772                                         volStr[1 + i] = '-';
 773                                 SpawnMessage("Volume: %s", volStr);
 774                         }
 775                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F6)
 776                         {
 777                                 VolumeUp();
 778                                 char volStr[19] = "[****************]";
 779 //                              volStr[GetVolume()] = 0;
 780                                 for(int i=GetVolume(); i<16; i++)
 781                                         volStr[1 + i] = '-';
 782                                 SpawnMessage("Volume: %s", volStr);
 783                         }
 784                         else if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F12)
 785                         {
 786                                 if (!fullscreenDebounce)
 787                                 {
 788                                         ToggleFullScreen();
 789                                         fullscreenDebounce = true;
 790                                 }
 791                         }
 792
 793                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_CAPSLOCK)
 794                         {
 795                                 if (!capsLockDebounce)
 796                                 {
 797                                         capsLock = !capsLock;
 798                                         capsLockDebounce = true;
 799                                 }
 800                         }
 801
 802                         break;
 803                 case SDL_KEYUP:
 804                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_F12)
 805                                 fullscreenDebounce = false;
 806                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_CAPSLOCK)
 807                                 capsLockDebounce = false;
 808
 809                         // Paddle buttons 0 & 1
 810                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_INSERT)
 811                                 openAppleDown = false;
 812                         if (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEUP)
 813                                 closedAppleDown = false;
 814
 815 //                      if (event.key.keysym.sym >= SDLK_a && event.key.keysym.sym <= SDLK_z)
 816 //                              keyDown = false;
 817
 818                         break;
 819                 case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
 820                         GUI::MouseDown(event.motion.x, event.motion.y, event.motion.state);
 821                         break;
 822                 case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
 823                         GUI::MouseUp(event.motion.x, event.motion.y, event.motion.state);
 824                         break;
 825                 case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
 826                         GUI::MouseMove(event.motion.x, event.motion.y, event.motion.state);
 827                         break;
 828                 case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
 829                         if (event.window.event == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_LEAVE)
 830                                 GUI::MouseMove(0, 0, 0);
 831
 832                         break;
 833                 case SDL_QUIT:
 834                         running = false;
 835                 }
 836         }
 837
 838         // Handle power request from the GUI
 839         if (powerStateChangeRequested)
 840         {
 841                 if (GUI::powerOnState)
 842                 {
 843                         pauseMode = false;
 844                         SoundResume();
 845                         ResetApple2State();
 846                 }
 847                 else
 848                 {
 849                         pauseMode = true;
 850                         SoundPause();
 851 //NOPE                  SDL_SemWait(mainSem);//should lock until CPU thread is waiting...
 852 //                      ResetApple2State();
 853                 }
 854
 855                 powerStateChangeRequested = false;
 856         }
 857
 858 //#warning "!!! Taking MAJOR time hit with the video frame rendering !!!"
 859 //      if (!pauseMode)
 860         {
 861                 RenderVideoFrame();
 862         }
 863
 864         RenderScreenBuffer();
 865         GUI::Render(sdlRenderer);
 866         SDL_RenderPresent(sdlRenderer);
 867         SetCallbackTime(FrameCallback, 16666.66666667);
 868
 869 #ifdef CPU_CLOCK_CHECKING
 870 //We know it's stopped, so we can get away with this...
 871 counter++;
 872 if (counter == 60)
 873 {
 874         uint64_t clock = GetCurrentV65C02Clock();
 875 //totalCPU += (uint32_t)(clock - lastClock);
 876
 877         printf("Executed %u cycles...\n", (uint32_t)(clock - lastClock));
 878         lastClock = clock;
 879 //      totalCPU = 0;
 880         counter = 0;
 881 }
 882 #endif
 883
 884 // This is the problem: If you set the interval to 16, it runs faster than
 885 // 1/60s per frame. If you set it to 17, it runs slower. What we need is to
 886 // have it do 16 for one frame, then 17 for two others. Then it should average
 887 // out to 1/60s per frame every 3 frames.
 888         frameCount = (frameCount + 1) % 3;
 889         uint32_t waitFrameTime = 17 - (frameCount == 0 ? 1 : 0);
 890
 891         // Wait for next frame...
 892         while (SDL_GetTicks() - startTicks < waitFrameTime)
 893                 SDL_Delay(1);
 894
 895         startTicks = SDL_GetTicks();
 896 #if 0
 897         uint64_t cpuCycles = GetCurrentV65C02Clock();
 898         uint32_t cyclesBurned = (uint32_t)(cpuCycles - lastCPUCycles);
 899         WriteLog("FrameCallback: used %i cycles\n", cyclesBurned);
 900         lastCPUCycles = cpuCycles;
 901 #endif
 902
 903 //let's wait, then signal...
 904 //works longer, but then still falls behind...
 905 #ifdef THREADED_65C02
 906         if (!pauseMode)
 907                 SDL_CondSignal(cpuCond);//OK, let the CPU go another frame...
 908 #endif
 909 }
 910
 911
 912 static void BlinkTimer(void)
 913 {
 914         flash = !flash;
 915         SetCallbackTime(BlinkTimer, 250000);            // Set up blinking at 1/4 sec intervals
 916 }
 917
 918
 919 /*
 920 Next problem is this: How to have events occur and synchronize with the rest
 921 of the threads?
 922
 923   o Have the CPU thread manage the timer mechanism? (need to have a method of carrying
 924     remainder CPU cycles over...)
 925
 926 One way would be to use a fractional accumulator, then subtract 1 every
 927 time it overflows. Like so:
 928
 929 double overflow = 0;
 930 uint32_t time = 20;
 931 while (!done)
 932 {
 933         Execute6808(&soundCPU, time);
 934         overflow += 0.289115646;
 935         if (overflow > 1.0)
 936         {
 937                 overflow -= 1.0;
 938                 time = 21;
 939         }
 940         else
 941                 time = 20;
 942 }
 943 */